Here are the list of DMV offices in the Australia state in the state that you live in that will issue a driver's license in Australia. Each of the links will tell the information about obtain a license to drive and any other requirements like a road test and/or a written test.
| State/Territory | Contact Details |
|---|---|
| New South Wales (NSW) | See: Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA) |
| Victoria (VIC) | See: Vic roads |
| Queensland (QLD) | See: Licensing & registration |
| South Australia (SA) | See: Welcome to Transport SA |
| Western Australia (WA) | See: Licensing services |
| Tasmania (TAS) | See: Transport - TAS |
| Australian Capital Territory (ACT) | See: Road transport information management |
| Northern Territory (NT) | See: Driver licensing |
Also, you need to get automobile insurance just like you did back in the US. Each state in Australia has their own automobile insurance requirement. Also, you need to pay attention the speed limit signs because they are in metric such as km instead of mile per hour. Driving in Oz, the signs are similar in most respects. It is still a good idea to have driver's hand book to know the difference in the streets between what each person has been accustomed to back in the US.

The thing to remember is follow all of the traffic laws. Never argue with a police officer over a ticket. If you do get a ticket, just pay the fine and get it over with.
Also, the other thing is the driving is done on the opposite of the highway than the US. The steering wheel is on the right side of the car and not the left side.